Latihan Matematik PMR – Percentage / Peratusan
1. Ali just bought some durians at the market this morning and he gave 20 percent of it to his neighbour.Ali’s neighbour received 30 durians from Ali. How many durians did Ali buy?
2. There are 30 students in a class and 30% of them are Malays. How many Malay students are there in the class?
3. Zahid’a parent give him RM20 per week for expenses but Zahid use only 80% of the money and saves the balance in the bank. How much money would Zahid be able to save in the bank after 4 weeks?
4. Joyah is a saleswoman and her salary is based on the sales she made in a month. She would receive 20% from the sales she made. This month she received RM3,000 as the commision from the sales she has made. How much sales has she made this month?
5. Pak Ali operates a grocery store and he just bought 100 boxes of detergent at a cost of RM3.50 per box. He plans to sell it at a profit of 20% per box. How much should the selling price of a box of detergent be?
Vocabulary
- bought – telah membeli
- market – pasar
- recived – telah menerima
- expenses – perbelanjaan
- save – menyimpan
- saleswoman – jurujual wanita
- commission – komisen. Peratusan yang dapat hasil jualan sesuatu barang/perkhidmatan
- sales –jualan
- operates – menjalankan
- grocery store – kedai runcit
- detergent – pencuci
- plans –bercadang
- at a cost – pada kos / harga beli
- profit – keuntungan
- selling price – harga jualan
Tips jawab soalan
- Cari jumlah asal barangan atau benda dalam soalan.Kalau diberi itu merupakan jumlah keseluruhan atau merupakan 100%.
- Kalau tak diberi jumlah keseluruhan maka biasanya soalan itu memerlukan anda mencari jumlah 100% itu.
- Baca betul2 soalan yang diberi dan semak jumlah asal dan berapa jumlah peratus yang soalan mahukan.
Contoh penyelesaian
- Ali has 50 apples and he found out that 20 % of it is rotten. How many good apples he has left?
Analisa soalan:-
1. Objek yang ditanya – Apple
2. Jumlah keseluruhan yang asal – 50 apples
3. Peratusan yang rotten atau rosak – 20%
4. Apa yang dicari / ditanya soalan? – Berapa apple yang tidak rotten yang tinggal.
5. Macam mana nak cari ?
1. Jumlah apple yang tak busuk = Jumlah keseluruhan asal – Jumlah yang rotten
2. Number of rotten apple = 20% of all the apple
Penyelasaian
- Kita tahu 50 apples = All the apples = 100%
- Nak cari 20% from the 100% atau 20% from the 50 apples
Solution
100% = 50
20% = 20/100 * 50
20 X 50
100
20 X 50 1 (cancell out the 50 n 100 / matikan 50 dengan 100)
100 2
20
2
= 10
Therefore 20% of 50 apples is 10 apples.
But THIS IS NOT THE ANSWER sebab soalan ialah ‘How many good apples he has left?
Dan
Jumlah apple yang tak busuk = Jumlah keseluruhan asal – Jumlah yang rotten
Answer
Number of good apples left = Total number of apples – Number of rotten apples
** kita dah kira yg Number of rotten apples = 10
SO
Number of good apples left = Total number of apples – Number of rotten apples
Number of good apples left = 50 – 10
= 40 apples
Solution to Questions
1. Ali just bought some durians at the market and he gives 20 percent of it to his neighbour.Ali’s neighbour received 30 durians from Ali. How many durians did Ali buy?
Analisa soalan:-
1. Objek yang ditanya – durians
2. Jumlah keseluruhan yang asal – Not known. Tidak diketahui
3. Percentage of durians given to Ali’s neighbour
Peratusan yang diberi kepada jiran Ali – 20% = 30 durians
i.e. 30 durians = 20% of total durians Ali bought
4. Apa yang dicari / ditanya soalan? – How much durians did Ali buy? Berapa banyak durian yang Ali beli?
Macam mana nak cari ?
- We know that 30 durians = 20% of total durians Ali bought
2. Kita tahu yang 30 durians = 20% dari jumlah keseluruhan durian yang Ali telah beli
Use the above information to calculate the total number of durians that Ali bought.
Penyelesaian
1. We know that 30 durians = 20% from total
Kita tahu 30 durians = 20% dari jumlah keseluruhan durian yang telah dibeli
2. Gunakan maklumat itu untuk cari jumlah 100%.
Gunakan formula berikut:-
20% —————————— 30 durians
100% —————————— how many durians?
100 X 30
20
= 150 durians
Answer = Ali bought 150 durians.
To double check answer.
20% of the answer must be 30 durians
i.e. 20% from 150 must be 30.
Check:
20 X 150
100
= 30 durians.
So, the answer 150 durians is correct!
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